Robohub.org
 

A soft matter computer for soft robots

by
03 October 2019



share this:

Our work published recently in Science Robotics describes a new form of computer, ideally suited to controlling soft robots. Our Soft Matter Computer (SMC) is inspired by the way information is encoded and transmitted in the vascular system.

Soft robotics has exploded in popularity over the last decade. In part, this is because robots made with soft materials can easily adapt and conform to their environment. This makes soft robots particularly suited to tasks that require a delicate touch, such as handling fragile materials or operating close to the (human) body.

However, until now, most soft robotic systems have been controlled by conventional electronics, made from hard materials such as silicon. This means putting stiff components into an otherwise soft system, limiting its overall flexibility. Our SMC instead uses only flexible materials, allowing soft robots to retain the many benefits of softness. Here’s how it works.

The building block of our soft matter computer is the conductive fluid receptor (CFR). A CFR consists of two electrodes, placed on opposite sides of a soft tube, parallel to the direction of fluid flow. We inject a pattern of insulating (air, clear) and conducting (saltwater, red) fluids into the CFR. When the saltwater connects the two electrodes, the CFR is switched on. By connecting a soft actuator to a CFR, we have a simple control system.

By connecting multiple CFRs together, we can create SMCs that perform more complex calculations. In our paper, we show SMC architectures for performing both analogue and digital computation. This means that in theory, SMCs could be used to implement any algorithm used on an electronic computer.

SMCs can be easily integrated into the body of a soft robot. For example, softworms [1] are powered by two shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators. These actuators contract when current flows through them; by controlling the activation pattern of the two actuators, three distinct gaits can be produced. We show that we can integrate an SMC into the body of a softworm and produce each of the three gaits by varying the programming of the SMC. The video below shows an SMC-Softworm, with the saltwater dyed red.

The SMC is not the first soft matter control system designed for soft robots. Other research groups have developed fluidic [2] and microfluidic [3, 4] control systems. These approaches, however, are limited to controlling fluidic actuators. The SMC outputs an electrical current, meaning it can interface with most soft actuators.

A grand challenge for soft robotics is the development of an autonomous and intelligent robotic system fabricated entirely out of soft materials. We believe that the SMC is an important step towards such a system, while also enabling new possibilities in environmental monitoring, smart prosthetic devices, wearable biosensing and self-healing composites.

You can read more about this work in the Science Robotics paper “A soft matter computer for soft robots”, by M. Garrad, G. Soter, A.T. Conn, H. Hauser, and J. Rossiter.

[1] Umedachi, T., V. Vikas, and B. A. Trimmer. “Softworms: the design and control of non-pneumatic, 3D-printed, deformable robots.” Bioinspiration & biomimetics 11.2 (2016): 025001.
[2] Preston, Daniel J., et al. “Digital logic for soft devices.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116.16 (2019): 7750-7759.
[3] Wehner, Michael, et al. “An integrated design and fabrication strategy for entirely soft, autonomous robots.” Nature536.7617 (2016): 451.
[4] Mahon, Stephen T., et al. “Soft Robots for Extreme Environments: Removing Electronic Control.” 2019 2nd IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft). IEEE, 2019.



tags:


Martin Garrad is a PhD student with the EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Future Autonomous and Robotic Systems (FARSCOPE), based at the Bristol Robotics Laboratory.
Martin Garrad is a PhD student with the EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Future Autonomous and Robotic Systems (FARSCOPE), based at the Bristol Robotics Laboratory.





Related posts :



Robot Talk Episode 101 – Christos Bergeles

In the latest episode of the Robot Talk podcast, Claire chatted to Christos Bergeles from King's College London about micro-surgical robots to deliver therapies deep inside the body.
06 December 2024, by

Robot Talk Episode 100 – Mini Rai

In the latest episode of the Robot Talk podcast, Claire chatted to Mini Rai from Orbit Rise about orbital and planetary robots.
29 November 2024, by

Robot Talk Episode 99 – Joe Wolfel

In the latest episode of the Robot Talk podcast, Claire chatted to Joe Wolfel from Terradepth about autonomous submersible robots for collecting ocean data.
22 November 2024, by

Robot Talk Episode 98 – Gabriella Pizzuto

In the latest episode of the Robot Talk podcast, Claire chatted to Gabriella Pizzuto from the University of Liverpool about intelligent robotic manipulators for laboratory automation.
15 November 2024, by

Online hands-on science communication training – sign up here!

Find out how to communicate about your work with experts from Robohub, AIhub, and IEEE Spectrum.
13 November 2024, by

Robot Talk Episode 97 – Pratap Tokekar

In the latest episode of the Robot Talk podcast, Claire chatted to Pratap Tokekar from the University of Maryland about how teams of robots with different capabilities can work together.
08 November 2024, by





Robohub is supported by:




Would you like to learn how to tell impactful stories about your robot or AI system?


scicomm
training the next generation of science communicators in robotics & AI


©2024 - Association for the Understanding of Artificial Intelligence


 












©2021 - ROBOTS Association